可激活磁共振成像纳米探针的制备及生物医学应用

摘要

在生物医学领域,磁共振成像是一种非常重要的疾病诊疗技术.近50%的磁共振检查已经涉及造影剂的应用.可激活磁共振成像纳米探针以优化信噪比为原则,借助特异性的生物分子识别作用或分子交互作用增强磁共振信号,提高了磁共振诊断的敏感性与特异性,推动着磁共振成像在生物医学领域的广泛应用.本文就目前国内外热门研究的可激活磁共振纳米探针的种类、原理等方面进行阐述,详细介绍了可激活磁共振纳米探针在生物医学上的应用,在前景方面也进行了展望.%Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has played a significant role in the theranostic of diseases in biomedicine.Approximately 50% of MRI scannings have been involved with contrast agent.In order to optimize target to background ratio, activatable MRI nanoprobes were designed to amplify or boost imaging signals only in response to specific biomolecular recognition or interaction, which improved the sensitiviety and selectivity of MRI diagnosis and broaden the applications of MRI in biomedical area.In this review, the types and principles of commonly studied activatable MRI nanoprobes as well as their biomedical applications were included, and prospects were also discussed.