甲醇催化转化反应根据产物的不同可大致分为甲醇制烯烃（MTO），甲醇制汽油（MTG）和甲醇制芳烃（MTA）反应。微孔分子筛因具有良好的水热稳定性和较好的择形效应，常用作甲醇催化转化反应的工业催化剂，具有良好的工业应用前景，但催化剂的失活是工业应用面临的主要难题。首先就 MTO 反应中常用的SAPO-34和ZSM-5催化剂以及MTG和MTA反应中的ZSM-5催化剂的研究现状和3种反应过程“烃池”机理的影响因素及催化剂失活的原因进行了阐述，还对3种反应的工业化进程进行了概述。其中MTO产业因起步较早，目前正处于迅速发展时期；MTG产业正处于工业示范装置推广阶段，但规模还相对较小；MTA工业示范推广起步较晚，直到近两年才取得一定的突破。%Methanol conversion reactions could be divided into three broad types: methanol-to-olefins (MTO), methanol-to-gasoline (MTG) and methanol-to-aromatics (MTA) reactions. Microporous molecular sieves were generally used as commercial catalysts in methanol conversion for their high hydrothermal stability and good shape selectivity, but the deactivation of catalysts was the main problem for industrial application. In this paper, research status of SAPO-34 and ZSM-5 catalysts for MTO reaction and ZSM-5 catalyst for MTG and MTA reactions, effects of hydrocarbon pool mechanism in methanol conversion reactions, and deactivation reasons of the catalysts were reviewed. In addition, industrialization developments of MTO, MTG and MTA reactions were summarized. MTO reaction was right at the rapid development period for its early start. MTG reaction was currently in the industrial promotion stage, but the scales were relatively small. MTA reaction was started relatively late in China, and some breakthroughs were made in recent years.
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