通过挤出和注射成型制备了滑石粉(Talc)填充的尼龙6/聚丙烯/马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PA6/PP/MAPP)合金,研究了Talc和混炼顺序(一步法和PA6母料法)对合金相形态和力学性能的影响.场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)分析结果表明,添加Talc后注射样条中心部分的PP相由球状转变为沿流动方向取向的有分支的条状结构,且用PA6母料法制样比用一步法制样的相形态更为精细.溶解PA6相后对PP相进行热重分析(TGA),确定了Talc在PA6相和PP相中的分布比例,Talc选择性分布于PA6相中.PA6母料法中Talc的分散好于一步法.研究了材料的拉伸、弯曲、冲击、热变形温度和动态力学性能,Talc的添加能够明显提高材料的刚性,且母料法样品的性能优于一步法样品.%Talcum Powder (Talc) filled polyamide 6 ( PA6) /polypropylene ( PP) /maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) blends were prepared by extrusion and subsequent injection molding. Effects of Talc and compounding sequence ( one-step compounding and PA6 masterbatch method) on the morphology and mechanical properties of PA6/PP/MAPP blends were investigated. Field emission scanning microscopy shows that branched fibrils of PP phase oriented along the injection flow direction are formed in the core of specimen for Talc filled blends, instead of spherical dispersed PP domains for unfilled blend. And the sample prepared by masterbatch approach possesses finer morphology than the sample prepared by one-step compounding. The distribution of Talc in PA6 and PP phases was determined by selectively dissolving PA6 phase and thermo-gravimetric analysis of PP phase. Talc is selectively distributed in PA6 phase. The masterbatch method yields better dispersion state of Talc than the one-step compounding method. The tensile property, flexural property, impact property, heat distortion temperature and dynamic mechanical property of the materials were tested. The addition of Talc can greatly increase the flexural modulus, heat distortion temperature and dynamic storage modulus of PA6/PP/MAPP blend and the sample prepared by masterbatch approach outperforms the sample prepared by one-step compounding.
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