Diamondoids are cage-like saturated hydrocarbons consisting of fused cyclohexane rings.This family of organic compounds follows the general chemical formula of C4n+6 H4n+12. Adamantane is the smallest member of the diamondoids family with n=l, whose C skeleton structure is similar to the diamond lattice. Due to the special cage structure and the superexcellent physical, chemical and pharmacological properties, diamondoids have been a hot topic of research. Structure, nomenclature,properties of diamondiods, especially chemical properties and synthesis of the derivatives of diamondoids are reviewed.%金刚烃是由多个环己烷构成的饱和笼状烃,此类有机化合物的分子式为C4n+6 H4n+12.金刚烷则是最小的金刚烃化合物(即n=1时),其C原子骨架类似于金刚石的一个晶格单元.由于其独特的笼状结构和特殊的化学、物理和药理学性质,因此其逐渐成为研究的热点.本文介绍了金刚烃的结构,命名、性质,重点介绍了金刚烃的化学性质及其衍生物的合成.
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