微生物发酵法产脱落酸的研究进展

摘要

Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important plant hormone,which plays a significant role in regulating plant growth,resisting agricultural natural disaster and increasing crop yields activity,etc. Therefore,it has broad application prospects. This paper makes a brief introduction about its biosynthetic pathway as well as the research progress in the production of abscisic acid by fermentation including the strains,substrates and the fermentation processes. The problems occurred during the fermentation of abscisic acid are also discussed,such as the low yield of original strains, long fermented time,deficient fermentation technology and low efficiency in product extraction. It is pointed out that more attentions should be paid to the breeding the ABA high-producing strains,the main enzyme activity in the biosynthetic pathway and the extraction and purified technology.%脱落酸是一种以异戊二烯为基本单位的酸性倍半萜类物质，是一种重要的植物激素，在调节植物生长代谢、抵抗农业自然灾害、增加农作物产量等诸多方面发挥着重要的作用，具有非常广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了天然脱落酸的生物合成途径，并从发酵菌株、发酵底物、发酵工艺、分离提取等方面阐述了微生物发酵产脱落酸的研究进展。同时讨论了天然脱落酸发酵过程中存在的问题，如初始菌株产量低、发酵周期长、发酵工艺不稳定、产物提取效率低等，因此本文在此基础上指出，筛选优良性状的生产菌株、进一步研究脱落酸生物合成途径中关键酶的酶学性质以及进一步开发脱落酸的先进发酵与分离提取工艺是今后研究的重点方向。