稻壳快速热解制取生物质油的试验研究

摘要

目前生物质快速热解高温热解气主要利用间壁式冷却器进行冷凝，容易造成冷却管道的结焦堵塞问题，本试验根据流化床稀相输送特点、生物质的热解特性以及生物质油的冷凝收集特点，设计了生物质快速热解反应装置，改进生物质物快速冷凝系统，以稻壳为原料进行快速热解制取生物质油的试验研究，分别考察单因素反应温度、流化气量以及进料速度对生物质油产率的影响。试验表明：稻壳热解气能够快速顺利地得到冷凝，反应系统能够连续顺利运行，随着反应温度、流化气量、进料速度的增大，生物质油的产率都呈现先增大后减小的趋势。另外对产出的生物质油用气质联用设备进行了成分分析，得出了生物质油的主要成分，其中酸类、酮类、脂类以及酚类的含量相对较高。%Currently,the condensation of bio-oil mainly is using the partition wall type cooler,which however can cause the coking of bio-oil and block the gas pipeline. According to the characteristics of dilute phase transport in fluidized bed,biomass pyrolysis and bio-oil condensate,a fast pyrolysis reactor with an improved bio-oil condenser was designed to pyrolyze the rice husk to prepare bio-oil. Experiments were conducted to study the factors affecting the yield of bio-oil such as reaction temperature,fluidizing gas flow and feeding rate. The result showed that the whole reaction device could run normally for a long time,and the bio-oil could condense rapidly,but the yield of bio-oil was increasing and then decreasing with the increase of reaction temperature,fluidizing gas flow and feeding rate. In addition,the bio-oil was collected and analyzed by GC-MS,and the contents of acids,ketones,esters and phenols were found relatively high in the bio-oil.