活性炭吸附法在挥发性有机物治理中的应用研究进展

摘要

Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) is an important class of atmospheric pollutants,and the consequential environmental pollution problems have got wide attention. Activated carbon adsorption method is an effective method for controlling the pollution caused by VOCs. This paper embarks from the introduction of VOCs treatment technology,introducing the use of activated carbon adsorption method in the treatment of VOCs briefly. By summarizing the process technology and existing problems of treating VOCs by activated carbon,the thermal pressure swing adsorption,electric swing adsorption,with advantages of the high efficiency,energy conservation and environmental protection have good prospects for development in the treatment of VOCs. In addition,to provide a theoretical basis for improvement and development a special activated carbon for VOCs treatment,the influence of the surface chemical properties of activated carbon,the physical properties of the adsorbate,and the operating conditions of VOCs on activated carbon adsorption were analyzed. Based on the summarization of the existing research progresses,the development trend of the technology in removal of VOCs by activated carbon adsorption method was forecasted. The measures of improving process, coupling with other VOCs treatment technology,and developing varieties of activated carbons and diverse recovery equipment to accommodate the emissions of VOCs from different fields will be the research hotspots in the future.%挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）是一类重要的大气污染物，其所带来的环境污染问题已经引起全世界的关注。活性炭吸附法是治理 VOCs 污染的有效手段。本文从介绍 VOCs 治理技术出发，简述了活性炭吸附法在 VOCs治理中的使用现状，概括了活性炭吸附法治理VOCs的工艺技术和存在问题，指出变温-变压吸附、变电吸附以其高效节能环保的优点，在 VOCs 治理中具有较好的发展前景。分析了活性炭表面化学性质、吸附质的物性、操作条件对活性炭吸附法治理 VOCs 的影响，为 VOCs 治理专用活性炭的改进和新产品的开发，提供了理论依据。在总结现有研究进展的基础上，预测了活性炭吸附法治理 VOCs 技术的发展趋势，提出对工艺的改进以及与其他VOCs废气处理技术的耦合使用，针对不同VOCs排放场所开发不同活性炭品种和VOCs回收装置将是以后研究的重要方向。