乙烯齐聚合成α-烯烃镍配合物催化剂研究进展

摘要

Nickel complexes are important ethylene oligomerization catalysts and have shown good application prospect in the synthesis ofα-olefin due to their high activity,mild reaction conditions and high selectivity. The latest research progress of nickel complex catalysts towards ethylene oligomerization forα-olefin has been reviewed herein. In terms of molecular structure of the ligand,the discussions focus on the research status of imino pyridyl ligand nickel complex catalysts and pyrazole ligand nickel complex catalysts,including the influence of the ligand structure,substitution group effect and process conditions on the catalytic activity and product distribution. At the same time,the development of other types of ligands,including formazan,phosphine oxazoline,thiophene,dinuclear structure and dendritic ligands is also briefly introduced. The study of the effect of the fine structure of the nickel complexes on the catalytic activity and the selectivity ofα-olefin has important significance for the design of high carbonα-olefin catalyst with the prospect of industrial application.%镍配合物是一类重要的乙烯齐聚催化剂，由于具有活性高、反应条件温和及选择性高等优点，在α-烯烃的合成方面已显示出良好的应用前景。本文综述了近年来国内外乙烯齐聚合成α-烯烃用镍配合物催化剂最新研究进展，从配体的分子结构进行分类，重点阐述了亚胺吡啶配体镍配合物催化剂和吡唑配体镍配合物催化剂的研究现状，包括配体的结构、取代基效应及工艺条件等对催化活性和产物分布的影响，同时对其他类型的配体包括甲臜、膦-唑啉、噻吩及双核结构、树枝状结构催化剂的开发现状也进行了简要的介绍。研究镍配合物的精细结构对催化剂活性和α-烯烃选择性的影响，对设计具有工业化应用前景的高碳α-烯烃催化剂具有重要意义。