基于碳材料的柔性压力传感器研究进展

摘要

柔性压力传感器作为可穿戴电子技术的核心器件,近几年得到广泛的关注.本文综述了国内外高精度碳材料柔性压力传感器的研究进展,包括介绍其传感机理、主要材料(基底材料、活性材料、电极材料)、性能影响因素和优化方法以及在人体运动和健康监测等方面的最新应用.提出以碳基微纳米材料,如炭黑、石墨、碳纳米管、石墨烯等为感应活性材料的柔性压力传感器主要采用压阻和电容式传感机制,其具有高灵敏度和稳定性、宽线性和快速响应等特点,并能够通过控制碳材料的含量或结构来提高传感器性能.但低成本、高性能、低能耗和自驱动仍然是柔性传感器所面临的挑战,新型传感机制、新材料功能化以及柔性器件的整合技术将是未来发展方向.%The flexible pressure sensor,a core device of wearable electronics,has attracted wide attention in recent years. In this paper,the research development of carbon materials based on high-precision flexible pressure sensor is reviewed,including the sensing mechanism,main materials (substrate materials,active materials and electrode materials),factors influencing the performance and performance optimization methods as well as the latest applications in the human body movement and health monitoring. The flexible pressure sensor based on the carbon micro-nanomaterials,such as carbon black,graphite,carbon nanotubes and graphene,as the sensing active material is designed, according to the piezoresistive and capacitive sensing mechanisms. It is characterized by high sensitivity,high linearity and fast response; moreover,its performance can be improved through the control over the content or structure of carbon material. However,low cost,good performance,low power consumption and self-driving function have still been the challenges in the development of flexible sensor. Development of new sensing mechanism,functionalization of new materials and integration of flexible devices will be the future development direction of flexible sensor.