双十四烷基双磺基甜菜碱表面活性剂合成

摘要

The sulphobetaine has structure of strong acid groups which were tipical anion and cation ampho-surfactant. It has advantages of acid and alkali resistant, better lime soap dispersing, hypotoxicity and good chemi-cal stability. It has bright future in daily chemicals and other industries. A synthetic process for a new kind of sur-factant:ditetradecyl sulphobetaine. The effects of reaction time, temperature on yield were investigated. The struc-ture was detected by IR. The optimal conditions were 125℃, 16h, the yield was 95.8%.%磺基甜菜碱分子结构中具有强酸根基团，是典型阴离子性和阳离子性极性集于一身季胺内盐型两性表面活性剂。磺基甜菜碱具有耐酸碱、钙皂分散性强、毒性低，化学稳定性好等优点；因而日益受到人们的重视，在日用化工及其它行业中的应用前景看好。本文主要介绍一种新型表面活性剂—双十四烷基双磺基甜菜碱的合成工艺条件。考察反应时间、温度等工艺条件对反应产物收率的影响。并通过红外光谱图验证了产物结构。通过优化工艺条件，在125℃反应16h甜菜碱的收率达到95.8%。