建模方法对锻件热处理有限元模拟结果的影响

摘要

Commercial finite element analysis software package DEFORM 3D and DEFORM 2D are used to perform coupled temperature-microstructure-stress analyses of the quenching process of a cylindrical forging. Three dimensional models with the whole, 1/2, 1/4 and 1/8 geometries were used in DEFORM 3D. Axisymmetric model is used in DEFORM 2D. The yield identical temperature and microstructural results are analyzed, but different stress results with 3D models of tetrahedral elements. Computed stress distributions of 3D with tetrahedral elements were not suited for stress analyses, hexahedral elements should be used instead. Axisymmetric model should be used when applicable.%采用DEFORM integrated2D3D模块和DEFORM-2D模块分别对锻件的热处理过程进行了三维全模型、1/2模型、1/4模型、1/8模型及轴对称模型的温度场、组织场及应力场的计算。对比结果表明，在相同的计算条件下，由4种四面体网格模型计算得出的应力场结果与测试结果相差较大，六面体网格三维模型计算得出的应力场与轴对称模型计算结果相近且与测试结果相符。综合考虑计算精度和计算效率，对于回转体类零件进行热处理模拟时，推荐采用轴对称模型。