鄂伦春族传统体育文化的形成与演变

摘要

Adopting methods of field investigation,literature,expert -interview and logical analysis,the paper collects and sorts out traditional sports program of the Oroqen people to expound the historical formation of traditional sports of the Oroqen people,its evolution and future development patterns.The main conclusions are:geographical environment and modes of production determine the type of traditional sports project of the Oroqen people;the change in productivity and social organization form promote the birth and innovation of traditional sports of the Oroqen people;early education is the fertile soil for growing up of Oroqen traditional sports;religious ceremony and festival activities promote the continuation of traditional sports of the Oroqen people;cultural exchanges with surrounding peoples enrich the content of Oroqen traditional sports.The change of environment after their settlement transforms the living space of Oroqen traditional sports,which are in the danger of extinction.According to the actuality of present stage of Oroqen traditional sports,the paper puts forward development ideas with the aim to reveal the characteristic culture created by the Oroqen people in the past,carry forward national spirit,arouse the sense of national pride and self development ability and promote harmonious development of national unity.%采用田野考察、文献资料、专家访谈和逻辑分析等研究方法，对鄂伦春族传统体育项目进行搜集整理，论述了鄂伦春族传统体育的历史形成、演变及未来发展规律。主要结论：地理环境与生产方式决定着鄂伦春族传统体育项目的类型；生产力和社会组织形态的变化促进鄂伦春族传统体育的产生与革新；早期的教育是鄂温克族传统体育成长的沃土；宗教仪式及节庆活动促进鄂伦春族传统体育的延续；与周边民族之间的文化交流丰富了鄂伦春族传统体育的内容。鄂伦春族定居后环境的变迁改变了鄂伦春族传统体育生存空间，濒临消亡的危险，根据现阶段鄂伦春族传统体育的实际提出了发展思路，旨在揭示鄂伦春人过去所创造的特色文化，弘扬民族精神，唤起民族自尊感及自我发展能力，促进民族团结和谐发展。