地下工程近接施工中最大单段炸药量的合理确定方法研究

摘要

In view of the uncertainty of the maximum charge amount calculations in one delay time in blasting construction in present underground projects,the research on maximum charge amount in one delay time adjacent to construction is carried out combined with theory and numerical analysis based on the Guan-Hui intercity project through the dense residential areas under construction.The study result shows that,the Sadaovsk formula and numerical simulation coupling can solve the problems of maximum section charge in tunnel construction,but the numerical analysis method is more close to the actual engineering based on the fitted regression of Sadaovsk formula.By using the Sadaovsk formula,the error range of parameters K and α are thought to be big enough according to the referred values directly.Regression analysis should be carried out according to the measured vibration data.Numerical simulation and Sadaovsk formula,as the two different methods for calculating maximum explosive charge,can be verified each other to improve accuracy.Combination with both methods to determine the single maximum charge is more appropriate when the measured vibration data is less.%鉴于当前地下工程爆炸爆破施工中最大单段炸药量计算所存在的不确定性较大,以莞惠城际隧道为依托,基于现场实测数据对萨道夫斯基公式中关键参数进行拟合并建立三维分析模型,通过对比理论解析和数值模拟结果,研究近接施工中最大单段炸药量的合理确定方法.结果表明:理论计算和数值模拟均可求解隧道爆破施工中的最大单段炸药量,但后者更接近工程实际,其求解应以理论公式的拟合回归为基础;使用萨道夫斯基公式时,K、α直接选用规范建议值将造成较大误差,工程中应根据实测振动数据进行回归分析,从而确定合理的参数值以指导后期施工;萨道夫斯基公式和数值模拟法可以相互验证以提高结果准确性,实测振动数据较少时综合利用两种方法可有效确定最大单段炸药量.