油菜细胞质雄性不育与育性恢复机理的研究进展

摘要

油菜细胞质雄性不育不仅是研究核质互作的理想材料，同时也是杂种优势利用的最有效方式之一。目前对油菜细胞质雄性不育的研究主要包括不育基因的来源、不育基因的结构特征、不育基因的作用机理以及育性恢复的分子机制等。对目前国际上主要的油菜细胞质雄性不育类型（pol CMS、nap CMS、kos CMS、ogu CMS和tour CMS）在分子水平上的研究进展进行了综述。包括线粒体不育基因相关区域的确定和结构特点，不育形成的分子机理以及恢复基因的定位和作用机制等。%Cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS)is an ideal material to study nuclear-cytoplasm interactions, meanwhile it is one of the most effective ways to use heterosis. The researches related to rapeseed CMS in recent years focused on the analysis of structure characteristics and origins of the sterility genes, the mechanism of sterility gene and the restoration of fertility. This paper introduced the current international main types of CMS(pol CMS, nap CMS, kos CMS, ogu CMS and tour CMS)in rapeseed, and also reviewed the research progress of molecular level, including the identification of CMS-associated regions, the possible mechanism of CMS and the localization of restorer genes.