对菌株Lh-1进行鉴定,并对其防治西瓜枯萎病的效果进行评价.通过形态观察、生理生化检测和16S rRNA基因同源性分析鉴定菌株Lh-1,测定其抑菌谱.设计盆栽试验来评价施用有机肥加Lh-1菌液(T2),施用有机肥(T1)和化肥(CK)3种处理的防治效果.结果显示,将Lh-1鉴定为解淀粉芽胞杆菌.该菌对多种植物病原菌都有抑制作用具有广谱抗菌活性,尤其对西瓜枯萎病有良好的防治效果.盆栽试验表明添加Lh-1后发病率仅为17.2%,与对照相比防治效果达到78.5%,植株高度、鲜重和干重指标均为最高;瓜苗中的SOD、POD和CAT活性显著提高而MDA含量明显下降;瓜苗根际的微生物区系中细菌与放线菌含量上升,真菌特别是尖孢镰刀菌的数量下降,瓜苗根际微生物区系结构得到明显改善.解淀粉芽胞杆菌Lh-1能够防治西瓜枯萎病.%Aims :Identify the strain Lh-1 and evaluate its capability to suppress watermelon Fusarium wilt. Methods :Test the morphological,physiological and 16S rRNA gene sequence characteristics of strain Lh-1. Detect its antagonistic spectrum. A pot experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of applying strain Lh-1 combined with organic fertilizer(T2),compared with an organic fertilizer(T1) and a chemical fertilizer(CK). Results :the strain Lh-1 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. It can suppress a variety of plant pathogens with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity,especially for F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum. Pot experiment showed that the disease incidence is only 17.2%,the control efficacy reached 78.5%,the SOD,POD and CAT activity increased significantly and the MDA content reduced obviously. The number of bacteria and actinomycetes increased but the number of fungi,especially Fusarium oxysporum decreased obviously in the rhizosphere microflora after Lh-1 treated. Conclusion :the application of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Lh-1 can suppressed watermelon Fusarium wilt.
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