直接甲醇燃料电池研究现状及主要问题

摘要

直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)具有燃料易运输与存储、重量轻、体积小、结构简单、能量效率高等优点，以固体聚合物作为电解质的直接甲醇燃料电池是理想的车用动力电源，具有广阔的发展前景。从DMFC性能研究、甲醇穿过Nafion膜渗透的影响、膜研究及电催化剂研究等四个方面描述了直接甲醇燃料电池的研究现状及存在的主要问题，结合当前的最新研究成果，给出DMFC研究中需要解决的几个关键问题。%Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) had several advantagesincluding ease transportation and storage of the fuel,reduced system weight,size and complexity,high energy efficiency.Polymer electrolyte membrane direct methanol fuel cells (PEMDMFC) were ideal power source for vehicles with bright prospects to be expected.The state-of-art and problems in the fields of DMFC performance,the impact of methanol crossover across the Nafion membrane,membrane and eletrocatalysts were described.Several key problems needed to be solved in the study of DMFC were suggested according to recent advances.