慢性阻塞性肺疾病的全身效应

摘要

慢性阻塞性肺疾病是一种常见病、多发病,其典型表现为气流受限和气道重塑,导致肺的结构与功能的改变.由于多种炎性介质的激活使患者处于系统性炎性反应状态,使得COPD不仅仅是呼吸系统的疾病,同时还包含许多肺外表现,即全身效应.常见的有:骨骼肌萎缩、恶液质及骨质疏松;而系统性炎性反应致缺血性心脏病、肺动脉高压、糖尿病等疾病的患病率大大增加.%Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease characterized by airflow limitation and airway remodeling, thus worsening the structure and function of the lung. COPD is not only implicated in the lung, but also involved in some other extrapulumonary effects through the systemic inflammation caused by the activation of inflammation mediators. The most common systemic effects are: skeletal muscle wasting, cachexia, osteoporosis , etc. And the prevalences of ischemic heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, diabetes mellitus are higher in COPD patients because of the systematic inflammation.