薄壁直梁碰撞性能仿真和参数影响分析

摘要

为研究材料及其厚度和结构圆角对汽车主要吸能结构前纵梁的碰撞性能的影响,建立了模拟前纵梁的薄壁直梁有限元模型,对其进行了正面碰撞仿真,并分析了材料与结构参数对薄壁直梁碰撞吸能的影响.结果表明,在相同的压溃距离下,直梁吸能与材料强度呈指数小于1的幂指数的增长关系；与厚度呈现指数大于1的幂指数的增长关系；单位质量下壁梁圆角部分的吸能是平面部分的3倍左右.%For studying the effects of material and its thickness and corner radius on the crashworthiness of front side rail as a major energy-absorbing component of vehicle, a finite element model for thin-walled column is built to simulate front rail. A crash simulation is conducted to analyze the effects of material and its thickness and other parameters on the absorbed energy of thin-walled column. The results show that under the same collapse distance , the absorbed energy and the material strength of thin-walled column exhibits an exponential growth relationship with an exponent less than 1, while the absorbed energy and the thickness of thin-walled column has the same relation but with an exponent greater than 1. And the absorbed energy per unit mass of thin-walled column in radius part is three times more than that in plane part.