以某载货汽车变速器壳体为研究对象,应用有限元方法计算其在1挡和倒挡工况下的应力分布,并结合材料的力学性能分析了壳体的安全系数.结果表明,1挡时壳体安全系数低于阀值,结构强度较弱；倒挡时壳体安全系数大于阀值,满足结构强度.通过对1挡时壳体强度较弱原因的分析提出了3种改进方案,并通过计算进行了优选.变速器总成静扭试验结果表明,采用优选改进方案的壳体满足强度试验要求,具有一定的强度储备.%Transmission case of a truck was studied as an object, and the finite element method was adopted to analyze the stress distribution of it in the first and reverse gear. And then, the safety factor (SF) of the case was analyzed through synthesizing the material mechanical property. The results show that SF is less than the threshold value in the first gear, and the structure strength is weak. In the reverse gear, SF is beyond,the threshold value, so the case strength is satisfied. Through analyzing the reason why the strength was weaker in the first gear, three improvement design plans were proposed, and calculation was made to choose the best one. The static torsion test results of the transmission assembly indicate that the case with the improved plan can satisfy the requirement of the strength test.
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