改进GA的直流锅炉主汽温控制器参数优化研究

摘要

针对直流锅炉主汽温控制存在的大惯性、大延迟、时变性等问题,提出了带遗传算法(GA)优化的PID串级控制方法.采用了控制器分级多目标优化的改进方法,并利用遗传算法对串级PID参数进行实时动态优化,以适应主汽温对象的时变特性.针对基本的遗传算法进行改进,从而改善其运算量大且易早熟的缺点,提出了排序选择、自适应交叉和变异概率、压缩搜索空间等多种改进方法.仿真实验表明,所提出的方法能很好地改善系统的控制性能,有效提高控制系统的鲁棒性.%In order to salve the problem of large inertia,large time delays,time variation in the control of main steam temperature,a generic algorithm (GA)optimization method of cascade-PID parameters was proposed. In this optimization control system,a hierarchical multi-objective optimization controller was used and PID parameters real-time optimization was given by GA, which makes it adapt to time-varying characteristics of the main steam temperature controlled object. To be the real-time optimization and avoid large amount of computing and early maturity of the genetic algorithm,the basic genetic algorithm was improved by ranking selection,adaptive crossover and mutation,narrow search space. The simulation results show that this method can effectively improve the control performance of the system and the robustness of the control system.