考虑交通网络流量的电动汽车充电站规划

摘要

充电站的合理选址和定容对电动汽车的规模化应用具有重要意义.考虑到充电站具有城市交通公共服务设施以及普通用电设施的双重属性,以俘获的交通流量最大、配电系统网络损耗最小以及节点电压偏移最小为目标,建立了充电站最优规划的一个多目标决策模型.首先,采用超效率数据包络分析评价方法,确定归一化后各个目标函数合理的权重系数,把多目标优化问题转换成单目标优化问题.之后,采用改进的二进制粒子群优化算法求解该单目标优化模型.最后,以33节点配电系统以及25节点交通网络为例,说明了所发展的模型和方法的基本特征.%Reasonable siting and sizing of charging stations are important for extensive applications of electric vehicles.A multiobjective decision-making model for the optimal planning of electric vehicle charging stations is developed,with the dual attributes of charging stations as public service facilities of urban traffics and ordinary electric facilities taken into account.Three objective functions are defined to respectively maximize the captured traffic network flow,minimize the network loss,and to minimize the average voltage deviation.The well-established super-efficiency data envelopment analysis is employed to determine the appropriate weights among the three objective functions,and in this way the multi-objective optimization problem is transformed into a single-objective programming one.Then,the enhanced binary particle of swarm optimization (BPSO) is used to solve the single-objective programming model.Finally,a 33-node test feeder and a 25-node traffic network are utilized to illustrate the essential features of the developed model and the effectiveness of the presented method.