中原经济区城市创新水平的空间分异及其影响因素

摘要

Based on the connotation analysis of city innovation level,this paper gave an in-depth analysis of spatial differentiation pattern and its influencing factors of city innovation level in Central Plains Economic Region by the method of principal component analysis.The results were shown as follows: From the spatial distribution characteristics,there was an obvious spatial differentiation from the northwest to the southeast by the"Puyang-Nanyang"line.The city innovation level of 29 cities was very different.Zhengzhou was the highest city innovation level city far ahead of other cities,which maintained the promotion of city innovation level in northwest region with Luoyang and Jiaozuo.The cities with low city innovation level were concentrated in the southeast region exclude Bengbu,Huaibei City.From the spatial correlation pattern,the city innovation level of 29 cites existed the positive spatial auto-correlation effect and agglomeration phenomenon.LL regions played the weak-weak spatial auto-correla-tion role and made the low level research units agglomerate together.HH regions were not in a good state to make the high level research units agglomerate.There were some small HH significant distribution areas around Zheng-zhou.HL regions were mainly distributed in the eastern and northern peripheral area and form a polarized center. LH regions were distributed in some small areas in the north regions surrounding by HH regions.Based on the eval-uation results,the paper summarized the influencing factors from the innovative basic strength, high-tech industry supporting,various inputs and innovation environment.Specifically,innovative basic strength and high-tech indus-try supporting played the major factor for improving the overall innovation level.Various inputs including finance, technology,education,human resources played an important role for guaranteeing steady growth of city innovation level in different economic stages.Geographical advantages,strategic guidance,policy support,environmental con-struction and other aspects provided the soft environment supporting for enhancing the innovation level.%基于对城市创新水平内涵的理解,运用主成分分析法评价中原经济区29个城市的创新水平,分析其空间分异格局及其影响因素.结果表明:(1)各城市创新水平差异较大,整体表现出西北—东南分异的空间格局.郑州市创新水平遥遥领先,与洛阳、焦作等城市支撑着西北部地区的城市创新水平提升;东南部地区除蚌埠、淮北外其他城市的创新水平相对较低,形成东南部低值连绵分布区.(2)各城市创新水平在空间上存在正的空间自相关关系并伴随着空间集聚现象.从关联类型看,LL区集聚的效应明显,在东南部形成LL显著分布区;HH区集聚的效应不明显,尚未形成"强强互促"的格局,仅在郑州附近形成范围较小的显著分布区;HL区主要分布在东部的蚌埠、淮北和东北部的聊城、菏泽,形成极化效应较强的零散分布区,对周边的辐射带动力不强;LH区主要分布在北部高值分布区的"夹缝"之中,形成被高值包围的低水平区.从空间分异的影响因素看,创新基础实力与高新技术产业支撑是主要的影响因子,创新的技术、知识、资金、人才投入分别起着重要的投入保障作用,而区位优势、战略引导、政策支撑、环境营建等从软实力方面支撑着创新水平的提升.