苏格兰国家公园的管理理念是英国国家公园理念的继承和发展，其资源管理、社会经济管理和旅游管理三大目标的可持续发展构成了国家公园管理目标的核心。以凯恩戈姆山为代表的国家公园的管理模式体现在协同管理的机构设置、愿景共享的伙伴关系和目标分解的规划体系。归纳出苏格兰与我国建立国家公园管理制度的历史阶段相似、人类活动对国家公园资源改造影响较大、不同利益主体对于保护地利益冲突都较大的特点，以期解决我国建立国家公园管理制度所面对的“一与多”“左与右”“公与众”“存与用”“前与后”“内与外”“上与下”等问题提供解决思路和借鉴。%The idea of national parks in Scotland is the inheritance and evolution of Great Britain. Its sustainable development of three goals resources management, socioeconomic management and tourism management make up core management goals of national parks. The management system of national parks in Scotland, taking Cairngorms national park as a representative, formed by co-management institution setting, vision-shared relationships, goal-decomposed plan system. It was found that China and Scotland had the similar history background of establishing national park system. Protected areas in China and Scotland both influenced by human activities as wel as stakeholders’ conflicts. This paper is supposed to provide an idea and reference for china to establish national park system.
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