2004-2013年广西法定报告甲乙类肠道传染病流行特征分析

摘要

Objective To analyze the prevalent trend of intestinal infectious diseases in Guangxi,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating control strategies.Methods By taking the advantage of Excel and SPSS to collect data and manage graphs;at the same time, using descriptive epidemiological analysis method to analyze the data of A and B intestinal infectious diseases in Guangxi from 2004 to 2013. Results A total of 160 774 cases and 105 deaths of intestinal infectious diseases were reported from 2004 to 2013 in Guangxi, and the average annual incidence and mortality rate were 35.282/100 000 and 0.02/100 000, respectively. The incidence of male was higher than that of female; onset age was given priority to the children and young adults, In occupation,the incidence rates of farmers (35.70%) and scattered children (31.06%)were higher. A total of 91 outbreaks of intestinal infectious disease were reported,with 5 341 cases and 1 death. The outbreak events were mainly bacterial dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid and hepatitis A.Conclusion The incidence of the category A and B intestinal infectious disease declines year by year in Guangxi, while the incidence of hepatitis E increases. Intestinal infectious diseases prevention and control is still one of the focus in the region, and it should be integrated with participation of the government, institutions and communities.%目的：研究广西法定报告甲乙类肠道传染病的流行特征，为制定防控对策提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学分析方法对2004—2013年广西甲乙类肠道传病发病资料进行分析，运用 Excel 和 SPSS 软件进行数据统计和图表处理。结果2004—2013年，广西累计报告甲乙类肠道传病发病160774例，年均发病率为35.282/10万，死亡105人，年均死亡率为0.02/10万；男性发病率高于女性，发病年龄以少年儿童和青壮年为主，职业以农民（占35.70%）和散居儿童（占31.06%）为主。共发生甲乙类肠道传染病暴发疫情91起，报告病例5341例，死亡1人。暴发疫情主要为细菌性痢疾、伤寒+副伤寒和甲型肝炎事件。结论广西法定报告甲乙类肠道传染病发病率逐年下降，但戊型肝炎发病率逐年上升，肠道传染病防治仍然是广西急性传染病防控工作的重点之一，应坚持政府领导、部门配合、全社会参与的综合性防治对策。