硫酸氢钾催化合成草酸二丁酯

摘要

以硫酸氧钾为催化剂,环已烷为带水剂,对草酸与正丁醇之间的酯化反应进行了研究,考察了,醇酸物质的量比、催化剂用量、带水剂加入量、反应时间对草酸二丁酯收率的影响.结果表明,硫酸氢钾有着良好的催化活性,在草酸用量0.1 mol,n(正丁醇)∶n(草酸)=3.0∶1,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的1.0%,环己烷用量16 mL,回流反应30 min条件下,草酸二丁酯收率可达82.8%,催化剂重复使用6次仍保持较高活性.%The esterfication of oxalic acid with butyl alcohol was studied with potassium bisulfate as catalyst and cyclohexane as water carrying agent.The effects of different factors such as molar ratio of reactants, catalyst dosage, amount of carrying agent and reaction time on the yield of dibutyl oxalate were carefully investigated.The experimental results showed that potassium bisulfate exhibited excellently catalytic activity.The optimum reaction conditions were found as follows：0.1 mol oxalic acid, molar ratio of butyl alcohol to oxalic acid 3.0 ∶1 , 1.0％ catalyst based on the total mass of the reactants, 16 mL cyclohexane, and refluxing reaction time 30 min.Under these conditions, the yield of dibutyl oxalate was up to 82.8％.The catalyst could be reused for six times without lossing its catalytic activity.