不同产地薄荷饮片中挥发性成分的比较分析

摘要

目的：通过分析比较安徽、湖南、广东、广西及江苏等五个产地薄荷饮片挥发油含量和化学成分，为薄荷饮片的质量控制及临床应用提供参考。方法采用水蒸气蒸馏法对不同产地薄荷饮片挥发油进行提取，利用气相色谱－质谱联用技术（GC－MS）对其中的挥发性成分进行分离鉴定，并采用面积归一化法计算各成分的相对含量。结果5个产地薄荷饮片中挥发油提取量存在明显差异，安徽产挥发油含量最高，广西产挥发油含量最低。5个产地挥发油中共计检出49种化学成分，其中16种为共有成分，11种为产地特有成分。在16种共有成分中，薄荷醇、薄荷酮、胡薄荷酮及乙酸薄荷酯是4种主要成分，其相对含量之和介于51．51％～81．73％之间，存在一定的地域差异。结论不同产地薄荷饮片挥发油主要成分含量存在的地域性差异，在一定程度上折射出目前中药市场薄荷饮片质量良莠不齐的现状，需引起足够重视。%Objective To provide scientific basis for quality control and clinical application via analysis and comparison of the contents and chemical components of the volatile oil in Mentha haplocalyx Briq,collected from Anhui,Hunan,Guangdong,Guangxi,and Jiangsu province.Methods The volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation.The chemical components of volatile oil were identified by GC-MS,and the relative contents of the components were calculated using peak area normalization method.Results The contents of ex-traction from volatile oil were obviously different in five habitats.The content of volatile oil in Anhui was the highest,and that inGuangxi was the lowest.In addition,altogether forty -nine compounds were found in the volatile oil from five different habitats.Among them,six-teen kinds were common components,and another eleven kinds were the specific components of the area.Of sixteen kinds of common components,menthol,menthone,pennyroyal ketone and menthyl acetate were the main components,the relative amount of which was be-tween 51.51% and 81.73%,which had regional differences.Conclusions The regional difference in main components of the volatile oil in Mentha haplocalyx Briq shows that the quality of Mentha haplocalyx Briq in Chinese herbal medicine market is uneven,which is worthy of adequate attention.