前列腺癌肿瘤标志物的研究进展

摘要

Prostate specific antigen(PSA) is the only biomarker of prostate cancer which gains international recognition and clinical application presently.However,it performs poorly in early diagnosis and distinguishing between prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia,and between indolent and aggressive cancer.Compared to PSA,prostate cancer antigen 3,TMPRSS2-ETS fusion gene,alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase and some kinds of MicroRNA related to prostate cancer have higher specificity.And it's easy to promote in clinics with their noninvasive detection methods.They have potential to be biomarkers of prostate cancer.With the development of research,they are also expected to be the new targets of prostate cancer for treatment.%前列腺特异抗原(prostate specific antigen,PSA)是目前唯一被国内外认可并广泛用于临床的前列腺癌肿瘤标志物,然而PSA在早期诊断、区分前列腺癌和前列腺良性增生、区别进展缓慢型前列腺癌和浸润性前列腺癌时表现不佳.相比于PSA,前列腺癌基因3、TMPRSS2-ETS融合基因、α-甲酰基辅酶A消旋酶和一些前列腺癌相关MicroRNA有着较高特异度,且能用非侵入性方式检测,易于临床的推广应用,有成为前列腺癌肿瘤标志物的潜力.随着研究深入,还可能成为新的前列腺癌治疗靶点.