Objective To understand the type of disabled children and the distribution of areas which have high disease incidence and the trend of disabled of Anhui province in the past five years. Meanwhile provide a scientific basis for improving the quality of population and provide effective measures prevent birth defects. Methods Physical examination on the scene, assistant examination, and doctorˊs expert conclusions on diseases. Results We collected 3022 cases in cluster from seven cities which are Anqing, Fuyang, Huaibei, Chizhou,Maanshan, Wuhu, Xuancheng form 2005 to 2009, among which 2561 are men and 461 are women. The results showed thatthe number of disabled children are generally increasing from 2005 to 2009, Among non - genetic diseases, Neuromuscular System takes the greatest proportion with 525 Cerebral Palsy cases ranks the first and 247 Mental retardation cases ranks the second,222 Epilepsy cases ranks the third. Cardiovascular Disease among genetic diseases, takes the greatest proportion with 194 Congenital Heart Disease cases, which ranks the first in genetic diseases. Conclusion Men are more than women in disabled children, Neuromuscular System takes the greatest proportion among non- genetic diseases; and Congenial Heart Disease ranks the first in genetic diseases.%目的 掌握安徽省部分地区近5年来病残儿的种类、高发疾病的地区分布及病残儿的流行趋势,为提高人口质量提供科学依据及出生缺陷的防治工作提供有效的指导措施.方法 现场体检、辅助检查、鉴定医师对疾病做出鉴定结论.结果 整群抽取安庆、阜阳、淮北、池州、马鞍山、芜湖、宣城7个市2005～2009年上报的病残儿3022例,其中男性2561例,女性461例.结果 显示,2005～2009年出生的病残儿人数大致呈上升的趋势,在非遗传性疾病中,神经肌肉系统所占的比重最大,其中前3位分别是脑瘫525例、弱智247例、癫痫222例.在遗传性疾病中,以心血管系统疾病所占比重最大,其中先天性心脏病为194例,在遗传疾病中位居首位.结论 病残儿中男性多于女性,神经肌肉系统疾病占非遗传性疾病比重最大,先天性心脏病在遗传性疾病中居首位.
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