多发性硬化临床特点及误诊分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the clinical features of multiple sclerosis (MS)in order to reduce the rate of misdiagnosis. Methods The clinical data of 1 19 cases MS patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results The first symptom of MS was weakness (63.0%),sensory disturbances (56.3%)and visual impairment (37.8%)were more common,followed by ataxia (23.5%),bowel and bladder disorders (18.4%)and mental abnormalities (12.6%),etc.The first time MS patients were easily misdiagnosed as other diseases, such as viral encephalitis (12.6%)and cerebral infarction (16.8%),which were more common,and epilepsy (3.3%)and mental disor-ders (6.7%)as well.Conclusion The clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis are in various forms,and understanding the particularity of MS combined with a number of clinical laboratory examinations is important in improving the diagnosis of the disease and reducing the mis-diagnosis rate.%目的：探讨多发性硬化（MS）临床特点，以减少误诊率。方法回顾性分析119例MS的临床资料。结果 MS的首发症状以肢体无力（63．0％）、感觉障碍（56．3％）及视觉损害（37．8％）为多见，其次是走路不稳（23．5％）、大小便障碍（18．4％）及精神异常（12．6％）等。MS患者首次发病后容易误诊为其他的疾病，其中以病毒性脑炎（12．6％）和脑梗死（16．8％）多见，癫痫（3．3％）及精神疾病（6．7％）也不少。结论多发性硬化临床表现形式多样，充分认识MS临床特殊性，结合多项辅助检查以提高多发性硬化的诊断率，减少误诊率。