新生儿病房肺炎克雷伯菌医院感染的危险因素及防控分析

摘要

Objective To investigate and analyze the risk factors of nosocomial infection of Klebsiella pneumonia in neonatal ward , providing the basis for the prevention and control of neonatal nosocomial infection .Methods The gestational age ,weight,admitting diagnosis of the neonates infected between Feb to Sept ,2012 were investigated,and the object surface,hands of the medical staffs,throat swabs,etc. were sampled to analyze the risk factors of infection .Results 21 among 832 neonates were infected ,and the infection rate was 2.52%.71. 43%of the infection happened in blood ,and 47.62%of the blood infection in premature infants .The gestational age lower than 37 weeks and the birth weight less than or equal to 1500 g were the risk factors(P<0.05)of the neonatal nosocomial infection .The same bacteria with the infected neonates was detected in the cribs ,spare medical supplies and the surfaces of the neonatal accessories in the bath room .Conclusion Improvement of the medical environment ,strict sterilization ,necessary prevention to the high risk neonates with low gestational age ,low birth weight,etc.can prevent the nosocomial infection efficiently .%目的 调查分析新生儿病房肺炎克雷伯菌医院感染的危险因素,为预防和控制新生儿医院感染提供依据.方法 调查2012年2~9月发生医院感染新生儿的出生胎龄、体质量、入院诊断,采样监测病区物品表面、医务人员手及咽试子,分析感染的危险因素.结果 832例新生儿中,发生医院感染21例,感染率为2.52%.主要感染部位为血流感染,占71.43%;以早产儿为主,占47.62%;胎龄<37周、出生体质量≤1500 g是新生儿发生医院感染的危险因素(P<0.05);在婴儿床、备用医疗用品及洗澡间的婴儿用品表面均检出与患儿感染一致的病原菌.结论 改善医疗环境,严格卫生消毒,对胎龄小、出生体质量低等高危患儿采取必要的预防干预措施,能有效降低医院感染的发生.