该文对宣州枣树的生态影响因子、丰产栽培及病虫害的发生进行了详细的调查研究。结果表明，气温和光照是影响枣树生长的重要生态因子。在宣州区，气温和有效积温分别达24℃和2430℃以上时，枣树才能生长良好。良好的光照有利于枣树的生长。花期过低的湿度会影响授粉，但8月份的高湿会造成病害的流行。枣树对土壤的要求不严，但只有土层深厚、肥沃的土壤才能达到丰产目标。在栽培上，矮化密植方式更适于集约经营，提高经济效益。枣瘿蚊、枣粘虫、枣花盲蝽、红蜘蛛、桃小食心虫和枣炭疽病是宣州枣区最为重要的6种林业有害生物，在芽期、花期、幼果期及越冬期进行适时防治，可以有效控制病虫害的发生。宣州蜜枣要根据其生态要求采取合理的栽植模式和科学的管理，以保持其优良品质，从而达到稳产高产的目的。%In this paper,the ecological factors,cultivation and pests were investigated and analyzed in detail. The result showed that temperature and sunshine were key ecological factors for jujube tree growth. A dai⁃ly average temperature over 24℃ and a accumulated temperature over 2 430℃ were necessary for well growth of jujube trees. Abundant illumination benefited jujube tree growth. Too low humidity in florescence was harmful to pollination. At the same time,high humidity would cause epidemic disease of jujube tree in August. Jujube trees could grow in all kinds of soils in Xuanzhou,but fertile soil with good irrigation would lead bumper harvest. The cultivation method of close planting was suitable for intensive management and higher income. Dasyneura datifolia,Ancylis sativa,Lygus sp.,Teranychus cinnabarinus,Carposina nippon⁃ensis,and Colletotrichum sp. were the most serious pests and disease in Xuanzhou. The pests could be con⁃trolled efficiently if four important periods of Florescence,budding,fruiting,and overwintering had been seri⁃ously taken into accounted. Scientific management and suitable cultivation could guarantee a bumper har⁃vest of sweat jujube in Xuanzhou.
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