闽东北鹫峰山不同退耕还林模式生态效应研究

摘要

In this paper,the ecological effect of different returning farmland to foresty modes adopting by farmers of Jiufeng Mountain in northeast of Fujian Province were studied. Through the analysis,the results showed the herb of four farmland modes can basically cover the ground. During the period of observation annual plants became perennial plants. After seven years,vegetation of abandoned farmland being canopy, can effectively control the sediment erosion;Soil and water conservation capacity of abandoned farmland is greater than the control area. In the early of observation,the capacity is natural mode>mixed needle leaf>broad-leaved forest>coniferous forest. Late in the observation,vegetation recovery mode involving with trees brings more complex vegetation,its soil and water conservation capacity is stronger,and the nee⁃dle mixed model is the best.%该文对闽东北鹫峰山农地采取不同退耕模式的生态效应进行了研究，通过分析认为，4种退耕模式的草本均能在当年基本覆盖地表，在观测期间植物由1年生演替为多年生。退耕地植被经过7a恢复，植被完全郁闭，能有效控制泥沙流失；采取了退耕措施的区域固土保水能力大于对照区。在观测早期推广的顺序应为自然模式、针阔混交林模式、阔叶林模式、针叶林模式。在观测后期，有乔木参与的植被恢复模式能够形成较复杂的森林植被，其保水固土能力较强，并以针阔混交林模式为最佳。