枣棉间套作下红枣不同灌溉方式及灌水量对红枣的影响

摘要

[Objective] The aim was to explore the differences of jujube growth by in-tercropping with cotton and mono-cropping and to research effects of three irrigation models and quantity on jujube. [Method] The field experiment with three factors and two levels were applied for the study in order to research the effect of al treat-ments with the yield, quality, bearing branch, flower, fruit diameter of jujube. [Result] With different irrigation patterns, the result of comparing the length of bearing branch was drip irrigation > furrow irrigation > micro spray, and the result of comparing the number of bearing branch, the bud number, the flower number, fruit diameter was the same, as fol ows: drip irrigation > microjet irrigation > furrow irrigation; the result of comparing the yield was drip irrigation > furrow irrigation > microjet irrigation with significant differences. With different irrigation quantities, high irrigation water quantity treatment was proved higher than low irrigation quantity treatment in every survey in-dex. [Conclusion] The analysis indicates that drip irrigation, microjet irrigation and fur-row irrigation increased the irrigation water quantity can significantly promote the growth and the yield of jujube and the effects of the three kinds of irrigation pat-terns are drip irrigation > furrow irrigation > microjet irrigation.%[目的]为了解枣棉间套作条件下红枣供水状况与单作红枣间的差异性，研究红枣种植中主要应用的3种灌溉模式和不同红枣灌水量对红枣的影响。[方法]通过设计3因素2水平试验，研究不同处理对红枣枣吊长度、枣吊数量、开花数量、果径变化以及产量品质的影响。[结果]不同灌溉模式下，枣吊长度滴灌＞沟灌＞微喷，单个枣股枣吊数量和单个枣吊蕾、花数以及横纵径之积均为滴灌＞微喷＞沟灌，且红枣单株产量滴灌＞沟灌＞微喷，差异达显著水平；不同灌水量水平下，红枣各项调查指标均表现为高灌溉量处理优于低灌量处理，枣单株产量高灌量显著大于低灌量。[结论]该研究表明，滴灌、微喷和沟灌增加灌水量都能显著促进红枣的生长和产量提高，3种灌溉模式对红枣的影响表现为滴灌＞沟灌＞微喷。