鸡体腔被打开后气囊活动情况

摘要

打开麻醉状态下鸡的体腔，观察其呼吸情况及气囊壁的活动情况。结果显示，鸡体腔被打开后仍能呼吸。鸡吸气时，胸侧壁、胸腹膈和肺膈主动扩展变大，使胸前气囊和胸后气囊膨大；颈气囊、锁骨气囊和腹气囊壁则收缩，气囊缩小。鸡呼气时，胸侧壁、胸腹膈和肺膈主动收缩变小，使胸前气囊和胸后气囊缩小；颈气囊、锁骨气囊和腹气囊壁则扩张，气囊扩大。所以，体腔打开后鸡仍能呼吸。鸡吸气时，胸前气囊和胸后气囊膨大，气体从颈气囊、锁骨气囊、腹气囊和呼吸道经肺被吸入胸前气囊和胸后气囊，引起颈气囊、锁骨气囊和腹气囊缩小；呼气时，胸前气囊和胸后气囊缩小，气体被压出胸前气囊和胸后气囊，经肺进入颈气囊、锁骨气囊、腹气囊和呼吸道，引起颈气囊、锁骨气囊和腹气囊扩大。在整个呼吸过程中，胸前气囊和胸后气囊能主动地膨大和缩小使气体通过肺。%The body cavity of chicken under anesthesia was opened, and then the state of breathing and activities of air sac wal were observed. The results showed that, although the body cavity was opened, the chicken could stil breathe. When the chicken breathed in, the chest sidewal , thoracico-abdominal diaphragm and lung diaphragm al initiatively became larger, inflating the prethoracic and metathoracic air sacs; the cervical, clavicular and abdominal air sac wal s al contracted, shrinking the air sacs. When the chicken breathed out, the chest sidewal , thoracico-ab-dominal diaphragm and lung diaphragm initiatively contracted, shrinking the pretho-racic and metathoracic air sacs; the cervical, clavicular and abdominal air sac wal s al expanded, expanding the air sacs. Therefore, the chicken could stil breathe after the body cavity was opened. When the chicken breathed in, the prethoracic and metathoracic air sacs were al expanded, and the air flowed from the cervical, clav-icular and abdominal air sacs and respiratory tract to the prethoracic and metatho-racic air sacs through the lung, shrinking the cervical, clavicular and abdominal air sacs; when the chicken breathed out, the prethoracic and metathoracic air sacs wal s al contracted, and the air was extruded from the prethoracic and metathoracic air sacs into the cervical, clavicular and abdominal air sacs and respiratory tract trough the lung, expanding the cervical, clavicular and abdominal air sacs. During the entire breathing process, the prethoracic and metathoracic air sacs al can ex-pand and shrink initiatively, making the air flow though the lung.