石头河流域降雨径流变化特性研究

摘要

Studying characteristics of precipitation and runoff changes could offer a scientific support for planning and using water resources more resonable. Mann-Kendall test and analysis of spectrum are used to study the characteristics of precipitation from 1954 ~ 2007 and runoff series from 1950 ~ 2008 in Shitouhe watershed. The annual distribution of precipitation and runoff is analyzed with non-uniformity coefficient and concentration period. The results show that: the annual precipitation and runoff declines significantly; the aberrance points of precipitation appear in 1979 and 1990, while the annual runoff aberrance points in 1969 and 1995; the precipitation and runoff have the main cycle of about 3 years, and the study on non-uniformity coefficient and concentration period got the same conclusion.%采用Mann- Kendall检验和谱分析方法分析了石头河流域1954～2007年降水系列和1950～ 2008年的径流系列年际变化特性,采用不均匀系数和集中期等特征参数对降雨径流系列的年内分配特征进行了研究.结果表明:1950年以来石头河流域年降水和年径流系列均有显著下降趋势；年降水系列在1979年和1990年左右发生突变,而年径流系列则在1969年左右和1995年左右发生突变；年降水和年径流系列均有3a的主周期,对不均匀系数系列和集中期系列的研究也得到了同样的结论.