洛川苹果园土壤养分等级及与有机质的关系

摘要

In Luochuan County ,Shaanxi province where was a suitable growing area of apple ,different orchards were chosen to analyze the grade of soil organic matter ,total N ,total P ,total K ,available nutrients and trace elements . The results showed that the levels of soil organic matter ,total N and available N were low ;the coefficient of variation (CV ) of soil available P was high ,and it was accumulated in some orhards ;the content of soil available K was high . The content of trace elements such as Fe ,Mn ,Cu and Zn was low ,in which the shoratge of Zn was most remarkable , and the CV of soil available Cu was relatively high .The soil organic matter was very significantly correlated with total N , available N and available P ,and was significantly correlated with available Fe and Zn ,but was not significantly correlat-ed with available Cu and Mn .The yield of orchards increased with the increase of soil organic matter content .%在苹果优生区洛川县域范围内，选取管理措施不同的果园采集土壤样品，对其土壤有机质、全量N、P、K及速效养分和微量元素进行了等级分布研究。分析结果表明，洛川果园土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮属于偏低水平；土壤有效磷变异大，部分果园有累积现象，土壤速效钾含量丰富。微量元素铁、锰、铜、锌较缺乏，相对而言，缺锌程度最大；土壤有效铜变异较大。土壤有机质与全氮、碱解氮和有效磷呈极显著正相关，与有效铁、有效锌呈显著正相关，与有效铜、有效锰的相关性较低；苹果园产量随着土壤有机质含量的增加而增多。