[Objective] The objective of the experiment is to find out the problems in soil nutrients of apple orchard and obtain a theoretical basis for targeting reasonable balanced fertilization and increasing utilization ratio of fertilizer nutrient, and the available nutrients content in soil on fruit qualities and optimum quantity of nutrient elements for good fruit qualities were studied. [Method] The investigations were carried out on soil nutrient and fruit qualities, and methods of Canonical Correlation Analysis and linear program were used to screen major soil nutrient elements affecting fruit qualities for solving optimum proposals of nutrient elements for good apple qualities, and pointing out the existing problems in soil nutrients in surveyed apple orchards. [Result] Soil organic matter,available P, K, fruit firmness and soluble solids content of fruits in apple orchards of Changping district were higher than other apple production areas. The soil organic matter was positive correlated with total N, available P, K and microelement, and the correlation coefficient was 0.8261 between alkaline-N and available Zn. The canonical correlation was used to obtain major soil nutrient elementfactors affecting fruit mass, fruit firmness, soluble solids and titratable acidity content, respectively. The optimum proposals for soil nutrient elements content of good apple quality was obtained by linear program resolution were 10.0-40.0 g·kg-1 of organic matter,0.50 g·kg-1 of total N, and 400 mg·kg-1, 230.88-400.0 mg·kg-1, 583.83-600.0 mg·kg-1, 1.00-5.00 mg·kg-1, 5.00-60.00 mg·kg-1,0.80-20.0 mg·kg-1, 0.5 mg·kg-1 of alkaline-N, available P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, and B, respectively. Under this optimum proposals for soil,the target of fruit qualities of 350.66 g mass, 12.16 kg·cm-2 firmness, 23.19％ soluble solids, 0.377％ titratable acid will be achieved theoretically. The results indicate that soil alkaline N content of 85.29％ orchords are under 200 mg.kg-l, more than 50％ soil samples are deficient in available P, and 91.18％, of the orchards are deficient in elements Fe and Zn, respectively, in investigation orchard.[Conclusion] It is a key point to improve alkaline-N, available P, K and Fe, Zn content in soil in apple orchards in Beijing Changping.%[目的]探讨土壤营养成分对富士苹果品质的影响和果品优质的土壤营养成分含量优化方案,找出果园土壤营养中存在的问题,为果园土壤合理配方施肥、提高肥料利用效率提供理论依据.[方法]连续两年对北京昌平苹果园的土壤养分含量和果实品质进行调查,应用典型相关分析和线性规划等方法,筛选影响果实品质因子的主要土壤养分因子,求解富士苹果优质的土壤营养成分含量优化方案,指出调查果园土壤养分存在的问题.[结果]昌平苹果园的土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、钾等营养成分含量和果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量均高于其它苹果产区;果园土壤有机质含量与土壤全氮、有效磷、钾和微量元素间有正相关性,土壤碱解氮与有效硼的相关系数达0.8261;典相关分析分别获得了影响苹果单果质量、果实硬度、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量的主要土壤养分因子;线性规划求解出富士苹果优质的土壤营养成分含量优化方案为:土壤有机质含量10.0-40.0 g·kg、金氮大于0.50 g·kg、碱解氮400mg·kg、有效磷230.88-400 mg·kg、有效钾583.43-600 mg·kg、有效钙1.0-5.0 mg·kg、有效铁5.00-60.00 mg·kg、有效锌0.80-20.00 mg·kg、有效硼0.5 mg·kg,理论上果实单果质量可以达到350.66 g、硬度12.16 kg·cm、可溶性固形物含量23.19%、可滴定酸含量0.377%.在调查苹果园中,85.29%果园土壤碱解氮在200 mg·kg.以下;50%的果园缺磷,91.18%的果园缺钾,大部分果园土壤有效铁、锌含量不足.[结论]提高土壤中碱解氮、有效磷、钾和铁、锌含量是果园土壤管理的重点.
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