苦荞遗传多样性分析与核心种质筛选

摘要

SSR marker was utilized in this study to analyze the genetic diversity of 210 tartary buckwheat accessions from Tibet ,Shaanxi ,Sichuan and Guizhou provinces .Results had indicated that among the overall 50 SSR primers , there were 16 primers demonstrating good polymorphisms .178 bands were obtained and 66 .3% of them (118 ) were polymorphic bands .The genetic similarity levels of 210 accessions ranged from 0 .62 to 0 .98 ,exhibiting an average value of 0 .80 .At the similarity level of 0 .88 ,these tartary buckwheat varieties could be clustered into five groups .According to the ultimate dendrogram ,these tartary buckwheat accessions which came from the same planting region had presented a similar clustering tendency ,reflecting that the genetic information of tartary buckwheat might be affected remarkably by its geographic distribution .Moreover ,41 accessions clustered in a V group which came from Tibet (27 ) ,Shaanxi (8 ) , and Guizhou (6) provinces showed abundant genetic diversity .Compared with other accessions ,these 41 germplasms possessed not only large genetic differences ,but also a wide range of genetic origins .Thereby it is reasonable to choose them as the foundation for selections of core collections in tartary buckwheat .%利用SSR分子标记技术，对来自西藏、陕西、四川、贵州等4省区的210份苦荞品种进行遗传多样性研究。结果表明，所选用的50对SSR引物中，有16对引物多态性良好，共扩增出178个条带，其中多态性条带达118个，占总数的66．3％；210份苦荞种质的遗传变幅为0．62～0．98，平均值为0．80，在遗传相似系数为0．88处可划分为5大类。聚类结果显示，来自同一地区的苦荞品种显示出聚为一类的趋势，表明苦荞的遗传信息受地理分布的影响较大；第V类所聚的41份分别来自西藏（27份）、陕西（8份）和贵州（6份）的品种表现出较为丰富的遗传多样性，与其他种质相比，这41份材料不仅遗传差异较大，而且遗传来源广泛，可作为苦荞核心种质筛选的基础。