分析了国内外54份燕麦种质资源的遗传多样性，归纳其遗传亲缘关系，为合理利用燕麦品种（系）资源提供理论依据。结果表明：（1）54份种质资源农艺性状间存在广泛的遗传多样性，5个质量性状（粒色、粒型、穗型、小穗型、抗病性）以抗病性的多样性指数最高，粒色的遗传多样性指数最低；8个数量性状（单株分蘖数、株高、穗长、小穗数、轮层数、单株粒数、单株粒重、千粒重）以单株粒重的遗传多样性指数最高，变异系数最大。（2）聚类分析将54份种质资源的8个数量性状分为4大类群，类群Ⅰ为高秆、大粒型育种目标亲本材料；类群Ⅱ为矮秆育种目标亲本材料，类群Ⅲ的有益性状不明显，为多目标性状育种的亲本材料，类群Ⅳ为增加轮层数、小穗数等育种目标的优良材料。%The genetic diversity of 54 domestic and oversea oat germplasms were analyzed in this study and their ge-netic relationships were further concluded ,providing the theoretical basis for rational use of oat varieties (lines ) and po-tential improvement of oat breeding .The results showed that substantial genetic diversity was discovered among the 54 germplasm resources .Among the five quality traits (grain color ,kernel shape ,spike type ,micro-spike type ,and resis-tance)investigated ,the diversity index of resistance scored the highest ,while that of grain color was the lowest .For the eight quantitative traits (plant tiller number ,spikelet number ,plant height ,ear length ,panicle number ,seed number per plant ,seed weight per plant ,1000-grain weight ) ,the genetic diversity index of seed weight per-plant was the highest and its variation coefficient reached themaximum .In addition ,the eight accessions from the 54 oat germplasms could be classified into four categories by cluster analysis .The first group could be used as parents of breeding materials for high-stem and great-grain type .The second group could be used as parents of short-plant breeding materials .The third group could be used as parents of multi-trait breeding because there were no clear beneficial traits observed .The fourth group could be used as parents of breeding materials for additional panicle and spikelet numbers .
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