中国主粮作物收入保险试点的必要性及可行方案--以河北省小麦为例

摘要

Exploring the revenue insurance pilot for main grains, in the new developing stage of China, is considered as an important measure for reinforcing China's agriculture, especially the support to staple crops, ensuring the food security and meeting the tendency of modern agricultural development. Taking wheat in Heibei province as an example, this paper analyzed the possible scheme of wheat revenue insurance and the premium ratemaking. It was concluded that: (1) to carry out wheat revenue insurance pilot would be significant in China with well conditions;(2) revenue insurance would empower farmers great capability to against the loss than traditional yield insurance, and its premium ratio would be much lower; (3) wheat revenue insurance would require the support from government especially in the way of premium subsidy which in our opinion would be the responsibility of central and provincial government.%探索主粮作物收入保险是新形势下完善中国农业特别是粮食作物支持保护政策、保障粮食安全、顺应现代农业发展趋势的重要举措。以河北省小麦为例，对小麦收入保险的可行方案和费率进行了研究，研究认为：（1）开展小麦收入保险试点不仅意义重大，且试点条件基本成熟；（2）相较于传统小麦成本保险，收入保险保障水平更高，且费率水平更低；（3）小麦收入保险需由政府保费补贴，但不建议县级财政承担配套责任。