扩散焊固相增材制造技术与工程化应用

摘要

扩散焊固相增材制造技术是采用分层实体制造(laminated object manufacturing,LOM)思想,用机加工、化学蚀刻等精密加工方法制作出二维层板结构,然后将层板按照三维结构顺序装配堆叠,通过固相扩散焊连接整体成形,是工业化应用最成熟的固相增材制造方法.介绍了该方法针对不同材料在航空航天、核能、精细化工、船舶、注塑模具等领域已实现工程化的典型应用以及设备制造现状,并预测了未来扩散焊工艺开发与设备制造的发展方向.%Diffusion bonding solid-state additive manufacturing technology adopts the same idea as laminated objec-tive manufacturing. Laminates fabricated by precision machining or chemical etching are aligned and diffusion bonded to form 3D complex structures. This forming method is the most mature solid-state additive manufacturing method in indus-trial applications. This paper reviews the key applications of the method for different materials in the fields of astronautics, aviation, nuclear, fine chemical industry, navigation, injection mold and etc. Furthermore, the development of diffusion bonding technology and equipment manufacturing in the future are forecasted.