基于旁切转弯的改进转弯飞行通行能力模型

摘要

交叉点是大多空域单元的容量瓶颈,在空域容量评估理论中占有关键地位.以往的容量数学计算模型中假设航空器飞行航迹为折线段,而实际情况中航空器在交叉点处旁切转弯飞行的航迹为弧线段.理论计算实际上以折线代替了弧线,是为计算简便,但增加了误差.先比较了折线和弧线模型之间的时距误差,表明模型改进的必要性.然后在一对飞机在同一点转弯这一情形中,分类讨论前后飞机相对位置,转弯角度.针对不同情况,定量分析两飞机相对距离随时间的变化,最后令两飞机相对距离的最小值等于航路最小安全间隔,可得到转弯飞行最小初始间隔和转弯角度的关系.最后用Matlab计算比较模型改进前后对通行能力和转弯角、速度关系的刻画.%Intersection is the bottleneck of capacity of most airspace units ,and plays a key role in the air-space capacity evaluation theory.In the previous mathematical model of capacity calculation ,it is assumed that the flight path of the aircraft at the intersection is a broken line segment ,and in fact,the trajectory of the aircraft is an arc segment.In the theoretical calculation ,the arc line is replaced by a broken line , which is easy to calculate,but increases the error.In this paper,the distance error between the line model and the curve model is firstly compared ,which indicates the necessity of the model improvement.Then,in the case of a pair of aircraft turning around at the same point ,the two planes relative position and turn an-gle are discussed in the classification.According to different situations ,quantitative analysis of two aircraft relative distance changes with time ,the two aircraft minimum relative distance is equal to the minimum route safety separation,then can get the relationship between the minimum initial turning flight separation and turn angle.Finally,compare the traffic capacity ,turn angle and velocity before and after the model improvement by Matlab calculation.