南极海洋低温萘降解菌的筛选、鉴定及其降解特性研究

摘要

Naphthaline-degradation characteristics of the psychrophilic strains, NJ41 and NJ289, collected in Antartic waters is preliminarily studied to determine their optimal culture conditions and to work out their growth curves and naphthaline-degradation curves under these optimal culture conditions. It is learnt from the 16s rDNA molecular identification for their genera that NJ41 belongs to Planococcus sp. , and NJ289 to Psendoalteromonas sp. and it is shown in the experiment that both the cold-adapted strains can grow in the inorganic nutrient salt medium in which aromatic hydrocarbons such as naphthaline etc are the only carbon sources for their growth, and they can efficiently make the aromatic hydrocarbon degradation at the low temperatures(0～10 ℃). Under the conditions of 10 ℃ and 120 r/min for 10 d culture time,NJ41 has a naphthaline-degradation ability as high as 48.8％, and NJ289 as 43.5％. However the degradation ability of either NJ41 or NJ289 depends upon temperature. It becomes the highest at 10 ℃. It becomes lower with temperaturs decrease. NJ41 becomes disable for the degradation at temperatures higher than 25 ℃, and NJ289 at temperatures higher than 20 ℃.%对从南极地区采集的嗜冷菌NJ41和NJ289的对萘降解特性进行初步研究.确定其最适的培养条件,并在最适培养条件下测定菌株的生长曲线和萘降解曲线.经分子鉴定,NJ41属于动球菌属(Planococcus sp.)、NJ289属于假交替单胞菌属(Pseudoalteromonas sp.).实验表明:这2株嗜冷菌均可在以萘等芳香烃为唯一碳源的无机盐培养基中生长,并能够在低温环境(0～10℃)中高效地降解芳香烃;10℃,120 r/min,10 d时,NJ41对于萘的降解能力最高达48.8%,NJ289可达43.5%;温度对降解能力有很大的影响,NJ41和NJ289均在10℃时,具有最高的降解能力,温度升高降解能力下降,NJ41在超过25℃时则基本不具有降解能力,而NJ289在超过20℃时就不具备降解能力.