2011年冬季南极普里兹湾及其邻近海域水文特征与水团分析

摘要

Hydrographic features and water masses in the Prydz Bay and its adjacent waters in Antarctic winter are studied using the temperature and salinity profiles from February to June 201 1 obtained by the autonomous CTD-Satellite Relay Data Loggers (CTD-SRDL)installed on 17 southern elephant seals and launched at the Australian Davis Station.The results show that the vertical structures of the temperature, salinity and density vary significantly,and the temperature variations show a thermal inversion or double inversion structure.With the intensification of sea surface cooling and brine rejection during ice formation, vertical mixing strengthens,thus causing the attenuation of inversions in thermocline,halocline,and pyc-nocline till the water structure becomes vertically homogeneous.The results also show that sea water den-sity variations are mainly determined by salinity.There are seven water masses in the study area,they are Prydz Bay Surface Water,Prydz Bay Subsurface Water,Prydz Bay Shelf Water,Prydz Bay Ice Shelf Wa-ter,Prydz Bay Bottom Water,Antarctic Circumpolar Deep Water and inversion thermocline water.Char-acteristic indexes of those water masses are also given.%利用澳大利亚在南极戴维斯站施放的17头南象海豹携带的小型 CTD 记录器收集的2011-02—06期间的温、盐度剖面资料，研究了普里兹湾及其邻近海域冬季水文结构及其水团特征，结果表明：冬季温、盐、密度垂直结构变化显著，温度变化呈现逆温层(或双逆温层)结构，并随着海面降温和结冰析盐过程的加剧，海水上下层混合加强，逆温和盐度、密度跃层由强变弱，直至水体结构变得垂直均一；海水密度变化则主要取决于盐度。研究海域共有7个水团组成，它们是普里兹湾表层水、普里兹湾次表层水、普里兹湾陆架水、普里兹湾冰架水和普里兹湾底层水，以及南极绕极深层水和逆温跃层水等，并给出了各个水团的特征指标。