火电厂执行大气污染物排放新标准的达标研究

摘要

Emission standards of thermal power plants were implemented for existing units after 1 July 2014. Stricter limits were applied in comparison to the old one. Mercury standards were added for coal-fired thermal power units. Manual and on-line monitoring instruments were used to measure emission for representative thermal power units. The results indicated that the coal-fired thermal power units can reach the new limits with high efficiency dust collector and denitration equipment. Oil-fired thermal power units can not reach new limits. Natural gas-fired thermal power units can reach SO2 and NOx limits. Further research were suggested on operation of denitration equipment under low load,monitoring precision of dust under low concentration and mercury emis-sion monitoring for coal-fired thermal power units.%新标准《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》( GB 13223—2011 )中现役机组排放限值于2014年7月1日正式执行,与旧标准《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》(GB 13223—2003)相比排放限值大幅趋严,且增加了燃煤电厂汞排放限值. 选取具有代表性的电厂锅炉进行手工和在线监测,结果表明,燃煤机组需有高效除尘器和脱硝设施才可稳定达标; 燃油机组无法达到标准限值要求,未来应逐步淘汰或改用清洁能源;天然气机组二氧化硫和氮氧化物可以达到该标准要求. 建议对燃煤电厂锅炉低负荷下脱硝设施的运行、低浓度下烟尘测定的准确性以及汞排放监测进一步研究.