云南省锌行业重金属类危险废物产排污系数研究

摘要

Based on the survey and statistics of generation , utilization and disposal status of heavy metal hazardous wastes of zinc industry in Yunnan Province , using material balance , experience-based valuation and other methods , the producing and discharging coefficients of heavy metal hazardous wastes of zinc industry in Yunnan Province was calculated .The results indicated that solid waste from zinc mining did not belong to haz-ardous wastes .Dust had the largest producing coefficient in various zinc smelting process .When zinc capacity was less than 50000 t/a, the coefficient of dust in the process of roasting , zinc electrolysis, zinc smelting with e-lectric furnace and zinc refining were 178.7 kg/t~268 kg/t, 218 kg/t~312.6 kg/t, 188.5 kg/t~230.9 kg/t, 12.5 kg/t~21.7 kg/t, respectively.The coefficient of dust in roasting and zinc electrolysis were 693 kg/t~863 kg/t and 256.5 kg/t~384.7 kg/t when the capacity of zinc was over 50000 t/a.Emission load of hazard-ous wastes mainly concentrated in the process of zinc electrolysis .%以云南省锌采选和冶炼行业重金属类危险废物为对象,针对其产生种类与数量、处理方式及处置现状进行调查,采用物料衡算、实测法核算和经验估值等方法对锌冶炼过程中重金属类危险废物的产污和排放系数进行计算.结果表明,锌矿山采选过程产生的固体废物不属于危险废物;锌冶炼不同工段产污系数最大的危险废物为烟尘,在产能<5万t/a的锌冶炼焙烧、电解锌、电炉炼锌和精馏过程中烟尘的产污系数分别为178.7 kg/t~268 kg/t、218 kg/t~312.6 kg/t、188.5 kg/t~230.9 kg/t、12.5 kg/t~21.7 kg/t;在产能≥5万t/a的锌冶炼焙烧、电解锌过程中烟尘产污系数分别为693 kg/t~863 kg/t、256.5 kg/t~384.7 kg/t,排污主要集中在电解锌工段.