喀斯特地区贵州铝厂周边植物对金属元素的监测能力

摘要

通过对喀斯特地区贵州铝厂周边农作物(白菜、玉米和豆角)、蕨类(贯众)和苔藓(双色真藓)中的Al、Fe、Pb和Ca等金属元素的质量比检测,并按生活区、农田区、工业区统计分析,结果表明:5种植物中Al和Fe的质量比均表现为工业区>生活区>农田区,Pb的质量比均表现为生活区>农田区>工业区,而植物基质土壤中Ca的质量比受岩溶环境的影响相对其他元素规律性不强.通过对比分析不同植物对Al、Fe、Pb、Ca的富集系数,结果表明:双色真藓、贯众对Al、Fe、Pb的富集能力相对较强,由于贯众数量稀少,无法提供科研实验所需用量,故双色真藓更适合作为该地区环境监测的指示植物.在这5种植物中,只有Fe与Pb之间均呈极显著正相关,二者之间存在协同效应.%The content of metallic elements Al, Fe,Pb and Ca in crops, ferns and moss around Guizhou A-luminum Factory in karst region were studied .The results showed that Al content in 5 plants from the researched area were in order of industrial area >residence area >farmland area .Fe content was in the same order , while Pb in order of residence area >farmland area>industrial area .Compared to other elements , Ca content in soil matrix had no strong regularity affected by karst environment .Comparing the enrichment coefficient of Al , Fe, Pb and Ca , the enrichment capability of Bryum dichotomum and Cyrtomium fortunei were relatively strong .Sci-entific research could not be done because Cyrtomium fortunei was few, Bryum dichotomum was applied to be the indicator plant for regional environmental monitoring .In these five plants , Fe and Pb showed significant positive correlation .There were synergies between Fe and Pb .