高原鼠兔繁殖期攻击行为的动态格局

摘要

为探讨高原鼠兔繁殖期攻击行为强度的变化、检验进化博弈理论有关预测,本研究于2009年5～8月采用标志重捕和中立竞技场法测定了高原鼠兔自然种群斗殴及进攻等行为的发生频率及持续时间.结果表明:5月下旬及6月上旬高原鼠兔雄性斗殴行为发生频率及持续时间显著高于7月下旬和8月中旬；而雌性差异不显著.5月下旬和6月上旬,高原鼠兔雄性个体间的斗殴行为发生频率及持续时间显著高于雌性,其余时期两性间无显著差异.进攻发起者通常是该次殴斗的获胜者；自繁殖高峰期至末期,种群中雄性高原鼠兔鹰对策者比例逐渐下降,与进化博弈论的预测一致.%In order to explore the variation of aggressive level in a plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) population during different breeding seasons and test the predictions of evolutionary game theory,the methods of mark recapture and neutral arena were used to measure the frequencies and durations of fight behaviors of plateau pikas in the wild from May to August 2009.Frequencies and durations of fight behaviors between males from later May to early June were significantly higher than those from later July to middle August,while no significant differences of these two parameters between female were detected during the whole study period.Frequencies and durations of fight behaviors between males were significantly higher than those between females from later May to early June,while no significant differences of these two parameters between sexes were detected among other periods.The initiator of a fight was always the winner.Aggressor proportions in the population declined after the peak of reproductive cycle,which coincided with the predictions of evolutionary game theory.