危险评定方法已广泛用于烟草工业、政府和学术机构等领域,该方法是通过综合考虑烟草制品和卷烟烟气中有害成分的含量或释放量、有害成分毒理学资料和吸烟者暴露情况等,评定暴露烟草烟气有害成分后的危险概率。基于化合物危险评定的理念,根据各成分的危险度排序,为烟草的管控提供一种科学的评价方法。本文综述了国际上近年来通用的化合物危险评定方法的发展历程,及采用此方法对烟草制品和卷烟烟气有害成分进行定量评价的研究进展。%Risk assessment approaches have been broadly adopted by scientists from government, industry and academic institutions. Risk assessment takes various elements, such as chemical compositions of tobacco and/or smoke, yields, toxicological data, and nature of exposure, into comprehensive consideration. Key tobacco products and cigarette mainstream smoke toxicants are prioritized. Risk assessment provides strong evidences for tobacco control. Development of chemicals risk assessment approaches and research progress on quantitative risk assessment for harmful constituents in tobacco products and cigarette mainstream smoke were reviewed.
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