贯叶连翘引种驯化过程中生理生化特性、活性物质含量及抗氧化能力的变化

摘要

In this study,we investigated the changes in bioactive compounds in wild and cultivated Hypericum perforatum during introduction and acclimatization.Physiological and biochemical characteristics,bioactive compound contents,and antioxidant capacity were evaluated for H .perforatum plants at the flowering stage. The net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,chlorophyll content,and root activity were higher in cultivated plants than in wild plants.The flowering date was 7 days earlier in the cultivated plants than in the wild plants,and the dry weight of aboveground parts was 16.67% higher in cultivated plants than in wild plants.The total flavonoid and hypericin contents in the same organ did not differ significantly be-tween the wild and cultivated plants.The total phenolic contents in flowers were higher in wild plants than in cultivated plants,while the opposite trend was observed for total phenolic contents in the leaves.Both wild and cultivated plants had higher total flavonoid and phenolic contents in the flowers and leaves than in the stem, while the highest hypericin content was in the flowers,followed by leaves,and then stems.The antioxidant ca-pacity of the wild and cultivated plants was highest in the flowers followed by leaves,and then stems.There was no difference in the antioxidant capacity of leaf and stem extracts between wild and cultivated plants,while the antioxidant capacity of flower extracts was significantly stronger in cultivated plants than in wild plants. These results indicate that the cultivated plants not only showed strong acclimatization abilities,but also had bioactive compound contents and an antioxidant capacity similar to those of wild plants.%为了探明贯叶连翘引种驯化过程中生长适应能力以及活性物质的变化，以野生和栽培盛花期植株为材料，分别对生理生化特性、活性物质含量以及抗氧化能力进行了测定与分析，结果表明，栽培贯叶连翘的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、叶绿素含量和根系活力均高于野生植株，尤其是其盛花期和地上部分干重分别较野生植株提前了7 d 和提高了16．67％。总黄酮和金丝桃素含量在栽培和野生植株同一器官中无显著差异；总酚类在野生花中的含量显著高于栽培花，而叶中的含量则相反；野生和栽培植株各器官中，总黄酮和酚类化合物含量在叶和花中的含量显著大于茎，而金丝桃素的含量表现为花＞叶＞茎。野生和栽培各器官抗氧化能力为叶＞花＞茎，其中，野生和栽培叶、茎提取液的抗氧化能力无显著差异，而栽培花的抗氧化能力显著大于野生花。以上研究结果表明，贯叶连翘野生转栽培后，不仅具有较好的生长适应能力，而且主要活性物质的积累量及抗氧化能力并未显著降低。该研究结果将对贯叶连翘种植栽培以及保护野生资源具有重要的参考价值和实践意义。